These questions [#2 and #3 about soundness and completeness of the Aristotelian theory of deduction) were intended to be very advanced questions (and hence extra credit or an option), requiring considerable original thinking to figure out how one might prove either soundness or completeness: a natural place to go would be the index of _Computability and Logic_ for a general idea, or one of the available philosophical/logic encyclopedias/dictionaries.  (See below.)  It obviously has to do with what is deducible and what not, and what sentences in what arguments are true and false in all models--say, as constituted and interpreted as the list of "things" 

Randy Dipert

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The Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy is available in Lockwood both as a
CD-ROM and in print.  In addition, for the next few weeks we have a trial
to the online version.  I would appreciate it if you'd let me know if you
think the Web accessible version is something for which we should someday
enter a subscription.

To access it, use the URL:

http://www.rep.routledge.com/

Username: repo5
Password: sepoct

Our trial ends 10 October.